宋代的战船种类与水战方式

Types of warships and ways of fighting on water in the Song Dynasties

北宋初期十分重视战船和水军建设,在平定南唐时,水军所起的作用尤为重要。南宋的江防和海防成为国防要务,为此更加大力发展战船。南宋战船,从形制、功能到动力分类十分丰富,不同战船功能各异,相互补充。宋人在此基础上形成了战船编成思想并运用于实战。南宋在继承和发展历代水战中各种经验的基础上,创造了远战和近战的多种作战方式,在抗击金和蒙元的战争中发挥了一定的作用。

In early Northern Song, great attention was paid to warships and construction of navy. Its navy played a special role in quelling the Southern Tang Dynasty. The defense alongrivers and coasts became the priority in the defense of the Southern Song. Therefore, it made more efforts to build warships. Its warships were diversified in terms of forms,functions and motive power. Different kinds of warships had different and complementary functions. On the basis, the people at that time developed the ideas of warship organization and they were applied to real battles. Learning from the experiences of the battles on water in the past dynasties, the Southern Song created many ways of close-quarter and ranged combat, which played a certain role in the wars to resist the invasions from the Jin Dynasty and the Mongolian(Yuan) army.