美国民主输出与输入国的政治困境

The Export of American Democracy and the Plight of the Importing Countries

后发国家的民主化转型应放在"第三波"世界民主化浪潮的背景下进行研究。"第三波"世界民主化浪潮的发生受到美国民主输出的重要影响。在美国民主输出下,输入国不同程度出现政局不稳、社会裂痕扩大、多数专制、国家治理能力不足等政治困境。导致这一结果的原因是美国民主输出的内在缺陷,包括西式民主理论与实践的困境、输入国社会同质性的缺乏以及政府效能的低下。中国民主化的转型要走出一条摆脱美国民主输出的道路,为世界提供民主化转型的"中国方案"。

It is reasonable and advisable to conduct the research of democratic transition in developing countries under the background of ＂The Third Wave＂ Democratization of world. The export of American democracy has made a significant impact on ＂The Third Wave＂ Democracy. The importing countries are suffering from political plight to different extent, including political instability, widened social cleavage, tyranny of majority, absence of state capacity, etc. The various political plight is caused by the inherent vulnerabilities of the export of American democracy, such as the dilemma of theories and practice of Western-style democracy, lack of social homogeneousness of the importing countries, and low administrative efficiency. This paper could shed some light for China to properly cope with the export of American democracy, take a new path of democratic transition with Chinese characteristics, and strive to contribute wisdom to the improvement of democratic transition.