陆九渊《论语》诠释的心学特色

Characteristics of Lu Jiuyuan's Annotation of The Analects from the Perspective of the Philosophy of the Mind

陆九渊虽无《论语》诠释之专著,但在其语录及其他形式的文章中,释读《论语》之语随处可见。由是道、仁、忠信与义利,都被陆九渊打上了心学的烙印。如此一来,"道"成了"天下万世之公理","仁"成了"本然之心","忠信"成了"良心之存","义利之辨"成了"为学之本"。陆九渊通过对《论语》经文的创造性诠释,成功地把哲学之心与儒家伦理联系起来,充分体现了"宇宙便是吾心,吾心即是宇宙"的心本论思想,充分体现了"六经注我,我注六经"的精神。这不仅是儒学解释意识成熟的标志及经学向哲学的解经形态转向的象征,而且也暗示出新儒学中的陆王心学一派逐渐摆脱传统经学的倾向。

Although there was no monograph written by Lu Jiuyuan annotating The Analects, annotations of The Analects could be seen here and there in his quotations and essays of all kinds, whereby the philosophy of the mind was branded by Lu Jiuyuan on such notions as benevolence, faithfulness, righteousness and benefits. Thus, benevolence was regarded as the innate mind of human, faithfulness as 'locus of conscience', and distinguishing righteousness from benefits as the foundation of engaging in scholarship. Through his creative annotation to texts in The Analects, Lu Jiuyuan succeeded in linking the mind in philosophical sense to Confucian ethics, which fully demonstrates his ontological idea of the mind that 'the universe is my mind and my mind is the universe' and his academic spirit of'elucidating my thoughts through annotating the Six Classics and committing myself to the annotation of the six Classics'.