刘继明与中国乡村乌托邦意象的营构——以长篇小说《人境》为中心

Liu Jiming and the Construction of Chinese Rural Utopia Image

刘继明的长篇小说《人境》以神皇洲村作为地域载体,以中年马垃作为叙事主人公。马垃兼具当代文学史上萧长春、梁生宝等"社会主义新人"理想与高加林的"个人奋斗精神",在生与死、情与欲、爱与恨、个与群、城与乡之间反复挣扎,去意彷徨,由此呈现出当代乡村生活的复杂面相,探索当代农村发展的可能性路径,表达无处寄托乡愁的惆怅与无奈。小说与经典文学著作之间的互文性表现在人物结构、形象性格、情节设计等多个方面。小说中的神皇洲在时空聚焦、今昔对比中逐渐呈现,多视角多层次的观照使得这座荆江边的小小村落具有了整个中国乡村的"全息性"意义。对神皇洲的地域书写增强了小说的艺术感染力和细节生动性,开拓了小说叙事的审美空间;增强了小说文体的参差错落感,在一定程度上舒缓、消解了思想性、议论性文本的过于坚硬的、密集的表达偏执;营构了经典性意义上的乡村乌托邦意象。

Shenghuangzhou Village is the regional carrier in Liu Jiming's novel Human Habitations.Mala is a narrative protagonist.He is like Xiao Changchun,Liang Shengbao and Gao JiaLin,etc,in the contemporary literary history.The literary spirits of ideal,personal spirit,life and death,love and desire,love and hate are written in this novel.The novel is about the repeated struggle between the city and township,showing a complex situation of contemporary rural life.It explores the possibility of contemporary rural development.There is similarity between the novel and the classical literary works,such as the characteristic of the literary works,the character structure,the character of image,the plot design,and so on.Shenghuangzhou in the novel gradually appears in the space-time focusing,the comparison of past and present,multi-level and multi angle of view,which is the symbol of the Chinese holographic village.Geographical description of the village enhances the artistic appeal,expands the aesthetic space of the novel,creates a style of crisscrossing effect,to a certain degree reduces the over-condensed argumentation and constructs a classic rural Utopia image in the novel.