济南西部地区不同类型污染源作用下土壤各类元素含量特征及选择性种植浅析

Analysis on Characteristics of Various Element Concentration in Soil and Selective Cultivation under Different Pollution Sources in Some Areas in Jinan City

通过分析研究区不同类型污染源条件下各类土壤元素含量的顺序,认为重金属在各类污染源土壤剖面中含量的顺序主要为:垃圾堆放污染类>污水排放污染类>禽畜粪便污染类;水溶性相对较强的K+,Mg2+,Na+,Cl-,SO2-4等离子,受污水排放类污染的影响明显,含量顺序为:污水排放污染类>禽畜粪便污染类>垃圾堆放污染类;NO-3在土壤中含量的顺序为:禽畜粪便污染类>污水排放污染类>垃圾堆放污染类;土壤主要常量养分在土壤中含量的顺序为:污水排放污染类>垃圾堆放污染类>禽畜粪便污染类。选择性种植的观点认为,在土壤肥力充足但重金属元素富集的土地,选择对该重金属元素富集较少的蔬菜(瓜果)进行种植,一方面充分利用了土壤肥力,另一方面较好地规避了重金属对作物的污染。

By analysis on various soil element concentration order under different pollution sources in the study area,is is concluded that: the order of heavy metal concentration in the soil profile is dumping pollution>sewage disposal pollution>livestock and poultry stool pollution; water-soluble salts like K+,Mg2+,Na+,Cl-,SO2-4,affected by sewage pollution significantly,the concentration order in the soil is sewage disposal pollution>livestock and poultry stool pollution>dumping pollution. The concentration order of NO-3in the soil is livestock and poultry stool pollution>sewage disposal pollution>dumping pollution; the order of soil constant nutrient concentrations is sewage disposal pollution>dumping pollution>livestock and poultry stool pollution. On the view of elective cultivation,in the land that heavy metal is accumulated,but soil is fertility,the vegetables( or fruits) that accumulate less heavy metal can be planted. On one hand,the advantage of soil fertility can be realized; while on the other hand,it is better avoidance of heavy metal pollution on crops.