假晶现象视野下中国武术的原形文化与新形文化

Prototype Culture and New Culture of Chinese Wushu from the Perspective of the Pseudo Crystal

依据文化人类学中假晶现象学说,对中国武术文化,特别是近现代社会变革环境下中国武术文化的变迁进行深入剖析,探讨中国武术文化的本质。研究发现:中国武术自1840年起至今,经历了传统武术、传统武术与外来文化的融合,以及传统武术与现代竞技武术并存发展的3种文化嬗变过程,这种文化变迁的过程是中国武术原形文化向新形文化的转变过程,即中国武术现代化、国际化的形成。研究认为:中国传统武术是武术的原形文化,现代竞技武术是武术的新形文化。运用假晶现象审视中国武术文化由原形文化向新形文化的转变,阐释中国武术如何发展走向迷失和困窘,同时也重新认识中国武术文化本源及其走向世界化发展的理论依据。

According to the theory of pseudo crystal in cultural anthropology, this paper makes deep analysisand research on the changes of Chinese Wushu culture, especially the transition of Chinese Wushu culturein the context of modem social transformation so as to explore the essence of Chinese Wushu culture.The result shows that the Chinese Wushu has experienced three cultural evolution processes, whichare the traditional Wushu culture, the traditional Wushu culture and the foreign culture fusion since 1840,as well as the traditional Wushu culture and the modem competitive Wushu culture. The cultural changeis actually the transition of Chinese original cultural prototype to new culture, namely, the modernizationand internationalization process of Chinese Wushu. The research holds that the Chinese traditional Wushuis a prototype culture,while modem competitive Wushu is a new culture＊ This research sets to analyze thetransition of Wushu culture from original culture to new culture with the pseudo crystal, to explain howthe Chinese Wushu develops towards disorientation and embarrassment, and to understand the culturalorigin of Chinese Wushu and the theoretical basis for the development of the Wushu to the world