200例淋巴瘤患者医院感染的临床分析

Clinical analysis of nosocomial infections in 200 patients with lymphoma

目的探讨淋巴瘤医院感染的临床特征,为降低医院感染提供临床依据。方法回顾性分析2013年1月-2015年12月间200例淋巴瘤患者的感染率、感染部位、病原菌特点、感染高危因素。结果 200例淋巴瘤患者中,感染37例,感染率18.5%;感染部位以呼吸道为主,占48.66%;病原菌以革兰阴性杆菌为主,占40.54%,革兰阳性球菌占32.43%,;真菌占27.03%;淋巴瘤患者年龄、临床分期及放化疗是医院感染的高危因素,感染率与中性粒细胞计数、淋巴细胞计数呈负相关。结论淋巴瘤患者免疫力低下,易发生医院感染,尽早采取预防措施,可有效降低医院感染率。

OBJECTIVE To explore the clinical characteristics of lymphoma patients with nosocomial infections so as to reduce the incidence of the nosocomial infections. METHODS A total of 200 patients with lymphoma who were treated in the hospital from Jan 2013 to Dec 2015 were enrolled in the study. The infection rates, infection sites, characteristics of pathogens, and high risk factors for the infections were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS Of the 200 patients with lymphoma, 37 had the infections, with the infection rate 18.5%; the patients with respirato- ry tract infections were dominant, accounting for 48.66 %. Among the isolated pathogens, the gram-negative bacilli accounted for 40.54%, the gram-positive cocci 32.43%, the fungi 27.03%. The age, clinical stage, and ra- diochemotherapy were the high risk factors for the nosocomial infections. The infection rate was negatively corre- lated with neutrophil counts and lymphocyte counts. CONCLUSION The patients with lymphoma have low immunity and tend to have the nosocomial infections. It is necessary to take prevention measures as early as possible so as to effectively reduce the incidence of the nosocomial infections.