“准市场”与区域水资源问题治理——内蒙古清水区水权转换的社会学分析

“Quasi-market” and Regional Governance of Water Resources Problem:a Sociological Analysis of Transfer of Water Rights in Qingshui District,Inner Mongolia

在"准市场"机制的影响下引进水权与水市场制度来改革原有的政府主导的水资源配置绩效成为西部民族地区水资源问题治理的主要策略。通过农业节水和水权转换,地方政府将稀缺的水资源从农业配置到工业领域,从而实现工业落户与地方经济社会的发展。随着工业发展与水资源市场价值的提高,工业反哺农业推动了农民转产增收,并形成了农业节水自我强化的正反馈过程。基于"准市场"机制,在地方政府的主导下,农业灌溉用水的水权转换发展出一种"以水生财、以财治水"的区域水资源问题治理模式。

Since the western development program,with the rapid development of local industrialization,the water resources problem has become an increasingly prominent in ethnic minority areas. Under the influence of the 'quasi-market'mechanism,governments used the water rights and water market systems to reform the government-led water resources allocation,and it has become a major tactics of regional wa-ter governance. Through the agricultural water conservation and the transfer of water rights,local governments can re-allocated the scarce water resources to the industries,and achieved the development of the local economic and social with the industries settled. With the improvement of the market value of water resources and the development of the local economy,industry nurturing agriculture has getting a positive feedback process,farmers' enthusiasm of water saving has grown and agricultural restructuring has promoted. Based on the 'quasi-market'and the leading role of the local government,the transfer of water rights finally developed a new regional integration of water resources governance.