属地化管理下的流动人口公共服务供需匹配优化研究

Research on the Optimization of the Supply and Demand of the Public Services for Migrant Population under the Locally-Managed System

进入人口高流动社会后,我国流动人口的公共服务需求表现出垂直性上升和水平性转移的趋势,而地方政府公共服务供给则呈现出刚性和抑制性特征,以致于流动人口公共服务供给与需求之间出现失衡。该文通过研究发现,流动人口公共服务供需失衡与属地化管理体制下的地方政府激励相容约束、公共服务设施建设用地配置以及公共服务管理行政编制配置密不可分。因此,实现流动人口公共服务供需匹配应加强公共服务供给侧改革,具体包括合理划分地方政府事权与供给责任、完善纵横结合的转移支付制度设计、优化建设用地和行政编制配置机制、建立公共服务多元化供给网络。

In the society of high-mobility,the demand of the migrant population for public services in China shows the vertical rise and horizontal transferring trend,while the supply of public service by local government appears rigid and inhibitory,which leads to imbalance.Further study finds the imbalance between the supply and demand related with the incentive compatibility of local government,land allocation for public facilities and administrative resources allocation under the locally-managed system.Therefore,to realize the balance,we should strengthen the reform in public supply side,such as dividing the public responsibility and duty of local government reasonably,improving the vertical and horizontal transfer payment system,optimizing the allocation system of public land and administrative resources and building a diversified network of public supply.