基于超效率DEA模型的中国区域生态效率动态演化研究

Analysis on the Dynamic Evolution of Regional Eco-Efficiency in China Based on Super Efficiency DEA Model

资源环境日益成为影响区域经济发展的重要因素,如何使资源环境与经济发展的协调发展,以最小的生态代价获取最大的经济效益,是中国面临的重要问题。笔者采用超效率DEA的方法,对中国2003年~2012年间30个区域的面板数据进行生态效率的全面评估,从中探究区域生态效率的变动趋势和时空特征,构建Malmquist指数从技术进步水平和技术效率水平考察影响区域生态效率变动的因素。结果表明：生态效率的区域差异并没有呈现东、中、西的区域格局,而是呈现＂东西部高,中部低＂东、西、中的发展趋势。从影响生态效率的技术进步和规模收益来看,技术进步已成为生态效率变动的主要因素,规模收益呈现递减趋势。最后针对以上研究提出提高中国生态效率,促进区域资源环境与经济协调发展的政策建议。

Resources and environment have become important factors of regional economic development. How to coordinate the economic development and the development of resources and environment and how to obtain the best economic benefit at the minimum ecological cost have become a key problem facing China. By introducing the super-efficiency DEA model,the paper evaluates comprehensively the eco-efficiency data in 30 regions in China from 2003 to 2012 and tries to seek the changing trend and spatial-temporal characteristics of regional ecological efficiency. By building the Malmquist model,the paper analyzes the factors of regional eco-efficiency from the angle of technical progress and technical efficiency. The result shows that： The regional differences of eco-efficiency do not present the regional pattern of the East,the Central and the West,but present the regional trend of＂higher of East and West,lower of Central＂in China. Judging from the factors which would influence the eco-efficiency,technical progress has become the major factor that leads to the change of eco-efficiency,and the scale effect present a decreasing trend. Finally,by the above analysis,the paper proposes some suggestions on how to improve the eco-efficiency and how to coordinate resources and environment and regional economy.