重庆市采供血工作现状分析及对策研究

Analysis of the status quo of blood collection and supply in Chongqing and its countermeasures

目的了解重庆市采供血现状,把握重庆市采供血总体发展趋势。方法采用整群分层、描述性分析、相关和逐步回归法对重庆18个采供血机构2012-2014年血液采集量和供应量、覆盖区域人口献血率和医疗资源现状以及对未来血液需求量作统计分析。结果血液中心采供血覆盖区域的户籍人口只占全市的22%,但是由于三级医院数占到全市的78%,其采血量占全市的44%,其覆盖区人口2012-2014年平均献血率达到14.5‰;住院人次、手术人次对用血量有显著影响。结论采血与供血区域配置失衡导致了目前重庆市血液供应不平衡,无偿献血与医疗卫生事业发展不相协调,血液调配与联动机制效率不高。

Objective To understand the status and overall developing trend of blood collection and supply of Chongqing and to achieve the ultimate goal of providing theoretical basis for macro decision-making at the governmental level. Methods By means of cluster stratification, descriptive analysis, correlation and stepwise regression, the status of health care resources, blood collection and clinical supply, blood donation rate as well as future demand for blood were analyzed. Results The blood supply coverage accounted for only 22% of the househol.d populations in the city. Because the number of tertiary hospitals accounted for 78% of the city, blood collection only accounted for 44% of the city. The average blood donation rate in the coverage area from 2012 to 2014 was 14. 5 ‰. The number of hospitalizations and surgeries has a significant impact on the use of blood. Conclusion The unbalanced blood collection and supply in the coverage area directly contributed to the current imbalance of blood supply in Chongqing. Blood centers and public health and medical institutions show ineffective co- ordination in the development of voluntary blood donation. The allocation mechanism of blood and the construction of profes- sional entities are inefficient.