军队干休所离退休干部生活照料现状及其影响因素

The living conditions and its associated factors of elder veterans in veterans communities

目的探讨军队干休所离退休干部生活照料现状及其相关影响因素。方法采用整群抽样、横断面调查方法 ,调查驻京部队干休所60岁及以上离退休干部的社会人口学信息、生活照料方式、业余活动及各系统慢性病史。结果增龄、不良婚姻状况、既往脑梗死和眼底病变史均为离退休干部生活照料需求增加的独立危险因素,OR值分别为2.258和1.256;1.515和1.094(P<0.001)。积极参与体育锻炼和社会活动,以及受教育程度高均显著降低离退休干部的生活照料需求,OR值分别为0.082、0.826、0.708。结论增龄和慢性疾病是导致老人生活照料需求增加的首要因素,有效的慢病防控、健康积极的生活方式,有助于改善老年人的健康状况、维持躯体功能,减轻生活照料所造成的社会经济压力,具有积极的意义。

Objective To explore the living conditions and its associated factors of elder veterans in veterans communities.Methods A cross-sectional survey with cluster sampling was conducted among veterans ≥ 60 years old in veteran communities.Their socio-demographic information,living conditions,leisure activities and previous medical histories were collected. Results Aging,bad marital status, cerebral infarction and eyeground diseases significantly increased the needs for assistance of elder veterans,with Odds Ratios of 2.258,1.256,1.515 and 1.094 respectively. However,physical exercises,social activities,and high educational level obviously decreased the need for assistance among elder veterans,with ORs of 0.082,0.826 and 0.708 respectively.Conclusion Aging and chronic diseases are the principle risk factors for increased need for asssistance among the elderly. The effective control of chronic diseases and introduction to healthy life style can improve the health status and physical functions and further decrease the social and economic burden of caring for the elderly.