“艺理学”的学理建构——以解析《乐记》中的艺术形态理论为例

The Theoretical Construction of “Art Theory Studies”: Taking the Illustration of the Theory of Art Form in Yue Ji as An Example

儒家艺术文献《乐记》,是中国艺术学理论的重要本土资源。艺术学理论("艺理学")强调综合、整体、宏观研究艺术,先秦的综合艺术——乐无疑是重要的研究对象。《乐记》如何认识乐的艺术形态?包括如何认识乐的整体形态,如何看待下位艺术的音乐、舞蹈?以往研究虽有注意却未曾在学理层面深入探讨。文章从"音乐形态""舞蹈形态""乐形态"三个层面把握《乐记》的艺术形态认知,为艺术学理论的学科建构提供借鉴和参考。以此为基础,该文认为《乐记》中的乐形态论析,属于艺术学理论的探讨,与美学研究和音乐形态学的分析不同;乐文化的整体研究应该以乐形态的整体存在为前提;艺术学理论是一种视野,也是一种方法,其意义和价值不光体现在广度上,更应该在研究的深度上彰显。

Confucius art literature YueJi （ the Book of Music） is an important indigenous resource of Chinese Art Theory. Theory of Art Studies （ Art Theory Studies） emphasizes the study of art with comprehensive, in- tegral and holistic perspective. As a comprehensive art in the Pre -Qin period, Yue is undoubtedly an im- portant object for study. How does YueJi understand the art form of Yue, particularly in terms of the integral form of Yue, and the music and dance as the inferior arts？ Although previous studies have paid attention to it, the discussion was not at the deep theoretical level. The article illustrates the cognition of art form in Yue- Ji at three levels ： ＂musical form＂, ＂dance form＂and ＂Yue form＂ with the aim of providing references for disciplinary construction of Theory of Art Studies. Based on this, the article argues that the analysis of Yue form in Yuefi belongs to the Theory of Art Studies which is different from aesthetics and music morphology. The holistic study of Yue should be based on the existence of the holistic Yue form as the prerequisite. The Theory of Art Stuies is a not only a perspective but also a method, and its meanings and values are not only reflected in the breadth but also in the depth of the research.