私人书信的著作权探析

Analysis on Copyright of Private Letters

私人书信具有我国著作权法中所规定的"作品"的四个要件,属于我国著作权法上的作品。私人书信的著作权归书信人所有,所有权归信件所有人所有。当人格权与物权发生冲突时,应当首先保护人格权。文学作品的私人书信未发表时,著作权人去世的,要对继承人的顺序进行明确;信件所有人要对信件进行拍卖等商业活动时,应当征得书信作品权利人的同意。拍卖私人书信,应注意维护隐私权;应当建立拍卖审查制度,规范拍卖公司的行为。

Private letters have 4 elements of works regulated in our Copyright Law and are works. Letters＇ writer has copyright of the letters. Ownership is the possessor of the letters. When personality right interferes with real right,personality right should be protected first. When the private letters of literature works are not published and the copyright owner was dead,succession order should be cleared. When the possessor of letters is going to auction off the letters or other business activity,agreement from the copyright owner should be got first. When taking auction of private letters,we should pay attention to protect privacy,establish auction examination system and regulate auction company＇s behaviors.