英语单词视听差距的问题根源及启示

On the Roots of the Gap between Auditory and Visual English L2 Lexicon and the Implication

不少二语学习者听觉词汇能力较视觉词汇能力偏低,造成单词看得懂听不懂的现象较为普遍。与母语心理词库的对比突显了二语心理词库建构的独特制约因素,如母语经验影响、基于视觉输入的词汇获得方式、形音表征的共时性等。正是这些因素致使部分二语语音能力不足的二语学习者心理词库缺乏正确的语音表征以及有效的音义和音形联结,而由较为稳定的字形表征和形义联结构成词库知识打包的核心,语音则处于边缘地位。这就是英语单词视听差距的问题根源,从而对词汇教学有所启示。

Many L2 learners have lower competence of auditory lexicon than visual lexicon,resulting in the phenomenon that words can be understood by reading but not understood by listening.The contrast with the mental lexicon of L1 highlights the unique constraints of the mental lexicon construction of L2,such as the influence of mother tongue experience,the way of vocabulary acquisition based on visual input and the synchronic nature of its phonological and orthographic construction,which lead to the failure of L2 learners with poor phonological competence to set up enough valid phonological representations in their mental lexicon and hence the effective phonological-semantic connections and phonological-orthographic ones.Consequently the comparatively sound orthographic representations and stable orthographic-semantic connections act as the core of the lexical knowledge packaging,with phonological representations only in a peripheral position.So light can be thrown on the roots of the gap of auditory and visual mental lexicon of English L2 learners in China and also the teaching implication.