达特茅斯学院案对美国高校管理的影响——基于对案件经过和后续援引案件的分析

The Influence of Dartmouth College Case to American College Management——Based on the Case and Subsequent Cited Cases

达特茅斯学院案是美国高等教育史上具有重要意义的事件之一。该案的判决具有重要的宪法地位,不断为美国高等教育领域的后续案件所援引,为美国高等教育的发展提供了法律依据和指导。从该案的经过探讨案件背后所反映出的高校管理问题,同时对后续援引案件进行分析,可以看出该案对美国高校管理中的公私法人地位、人员任免自由、筹资渠道多样,以及接受政府管理等方面有着重要的影响。

Dartmouth College Case is one of the significant events in the history of American higher education. Decision of the Case has an important constitutional status for subsequent cited cases in the field of higher education and provides a legal basis and guidance for the development of American higher education. The article describes the Case in the whole story from the perspective of college management and discusses college management problem behind the case. Meanwhile, the article analyzes subsequent cited cases as well. It can be seen clearly that the Case has a significant impact on college management in the field of public and private legal status, freedom of personnel appointment dismissal, diversity of financing sources, as well as government management.