地壳对接消减带和叠接消减带与陆-陆碰撞造山和俯冲增生造山:来自侵入岩构造组合的记录

Crustal convergent and accretional consumption zones,and continent-continent collisional orogenes and subduction-accretional orogenes:Records from the igneous petrotectonic assemblages

从地壳对接消减带与地壳叠接消减带的概念出发,讨论了板块构造岩浆旋回,俯冲增生造山和陆-陆碰撞造山分别对应于板块会聚构造的第一次和第二次造山作用;讨论了俯冲增生造山的结构样式,主要由俯冲增生杂岩和岩浆弧构成;陆-陆碰撞造山指相意义的S型花岗岩类的鉴别标志,以及指示板块构造岩浆旋回结束的后造山过碱性A型花岗岩类的识别标志。最后主要基于中国侵入岩大地构造图(1∶250万)及其说明书的成果,简要地讨论了中国三个克拉通性质的陆块区以及与西伯利亚克拉通、印度克拉通之间的大洋区的洋陆转换形成的俯冲增生造山和随后的陆-陆碰撞造山,认为:(1)塔里木克拉通西北缘与西伯利亚克拉通西南缘陆-陆碰撞可能发生在石炭纪,早二叠世可能完成;(2)中国三个克拉通的陆-陆碰撞可能分别发生在早—中三叠世,晚三叠世完成拼合,形成中国主体大陆;(3)早白垩世晚期—晚白垩世完成中国主体大陆与西伯利亚大陆的最终拼合;(4)新生代中国大陆与印度大陆拼合,碰撞造山仍在进行。

This paper discusses the crustal accretional and convergent consumption zones,plate tectonomagmatic cycle,subduction-accretional orogenes and continent-continent collisional orogenes.The subductionaccretional orogenic architecture is composed of subduction-accretional complex and magmatic arcs.Both the igneous petrotectonic assemblages of the S-type and the peralkaline A-type granites,related to the continentcontinent collision and the post-orogeny,respectively,are discussed.Finally,the collision frameworks of three cratons of China,and of both the Siberia and India continents are discussed：（1）the collision of northwestern margin of Tarim with southwestern margin of Siberia was underway during the Carboniferous,and ended up at the Early Permian;（2）the collision of three cratons of China was underway during Early and Middle Triassic,and ended up at the Late Triassic;（3）the final collision of the China and Siberia was underway from the later Early Cretaceous to the Late Cretaceous;（4）during the Cenozoic the collision of China and India is underway.