构造古地理重建与动力地形

Reconstruction of tectono-paleogeography and dynamic topography

构造古地理是研究地质历史时期的构造过程和自然地理演化的科学。大数据时代的计算能力和效率的迅速提高及地球动力学模拟技术的发展,要求古地理研究应建立在全球板块构造背景下,重建"深时"、原位、原型的活动古地理。本文在综合分析国际、国内关于GPlates和CitcomS的地球动力学模拟软件平台的研究成果基础上,系统阐述了板块构造-古地理重建思路、内容和方法,残余地形(动力地形)的分离技术、动力地形与板块俯冲、深部地幔流动的动力成因关系;介绍了利用地表动力地形等古地理资料进行约束,揭示板块运动过程、地幔动力学过程研究思路、方法;提出了古地理重建和地球动力学研究中应遵循的"定时、定位、定向和定型"的原则。将全球板块构造-古地理模型(GPlates)与基于物理特性的地幔和岩石圈有限元模型(CitcomS)相结合,将动力地形与地幔活动过程研究相结合,对揭示4-D地球动力学具有重要理论意义。

The tectono-paleogeography is a science concerned with the study of tectonics and natural geography through geologic time.In the era of Big Data,with the rapid increase in computing power and efficiency as well as advancement in geodynamic simulation technology,tectono-paleogeography can be studied in the setting of global plate tectonics so that the＂deep time＂,proto-location and proto-type paleogeography can be reconstructed.Based on a comprehensive analysis of international and domestic research findings on the geodynamic modeling softwares of GPlates and CitcomS,this paper expounds the research ideas,contents and methods of plate tectonic-paleogeographic reconstruction,technology of residual topography differentiation,and genetic relationship between dynamic topography,plate subduction and deep mantle flow.The paper also introduces the research ideas and methods of revealing plate movement,mantle dynamics with constraints of Earth＇s surface paleogeography such as dynamic topography and others;and proposes the principles of timing,geopositioning,orienting and prototyping that should be followed in the studies of paleogeographic reconstruction and geodynamics.It is of great theoretical significance to reveal 4-D geodynamics that the analysis of global plate tectonic-paleogeographic model（GPlates）is combined with that of finite element model（CitcomS）based on physical characteristics of the lithosphere and mantle,and that the investigation of dynamic topography is combined with that of mantle flow.