HIV感染者/AIDS患者社会规范认知、高危行为的差异及抑郁状况

Study on the difference of social norms and risk behaviors and depression among people living with HIV/AIDS

目的探讨HIV感染者/AIDS患者社会规范认知和高危行为之间的差异对其心理抑郁状况的影响。方法通过方便抽样法,采用自行编制的调查问卷,对450例HIV感染者/AIDS患者的抑郁状况及影响因素进行调查。抑郁状况采用流行病调查中心抑郁量表(center for epidemiologic studies depression scale,CES-D)测量,CESD量表得分>19分为抑郁。单因素分析采用x^2检验或t检验,多因素分析采用Logistic回归分析方法。结果 406位有效调查对象的平均抑郁得分为(16.1±11.5)分,36.9%(150/406)的调查对象处于抑郁状态。广州户籍(OR=2.260,95%CI:1.177~4.340)、较低水平的社会支持(OR=0.985,95%CI:0.974~0.996)、较低水平的心理弹性(OR=0.897,95%CI:0.862~0.933)和较高水平的耻辱感(OR=1.089,95%CI:1.052~1.128)是HIV感染者/AIDS患者抑郁的危险因素;AIDS患者自身使用安全套的行为比他的社会规范认知更好是HIV感染者/AIDS患者抑郁的保护因素(OR=0.290,95%CI=0.094~0.894)。结论广州市HIV感染者/AIDS患者社会规范认知与高危行为的差异是其抑郁的影响因素。

Objective To explore the relationship between depression and the difference of social norms and risk behaviors among people living with HIV/AIDS. Methods Convenient sampling method and self-designed questionnaire were adopted. We utilized the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale （CES-D） to assess the depression status of the 450 HIV/AIDS patients. The score of CES-D greater than 19 was regarded as depression. Multiple stepwise regres- sion was used for multivariate logistic regression. Results The average score of depression of the 406 HIV/AIDS patients was 16. 1 ~ 11.5, and 36. 9% of the respondents were in the depressive status. The multivariate logistic regression indica- ted that Guangzhou household registration （ OR = 2. 260, 95% CI： 1. 177-4. 340）, low level of social support （ OR = 0. 985, 95% CI： O. 974-0. 996）, low level of resilience （ OR =0. 897, 95% CI： O. 862-0. 933 ） and high level of stigma （OR = 1. 089, 95% CI： 1. 052-1. 128） were the risk factors of depression. The difference between social norms and his own condom use behavior was a protective factor of depression （OR = 0. 290, 93% CI： 0. 094-0. 894）. Conclusion The difference between social norms and risk behaviors is an influencing factor of depression.