安徽省某农村地区独居老年人焦虑现状及影响因素研究

Study on the anxiety and its associated factors among elderly living alone in one rural area of Anhui Province

目的了解安徽省某农村地区独居老年人焦虑的水平及影响因素,为改善老年人的身心健康提供重要的科学依据。方法整群抽取安徽省某乡镇的≥60岁,并在当地居住≥1年的独居老年人进行问卷调查,使用SPSS 16.0统计软件对数据进行统计分析。结果 695位独居老年人中,有焦虑者153人(22.0%),其中轻度、中度、重度焦虑分别是123人(17.7%)、29人(4.2%)、1人(0.1%),二分类Logistic回归分析显示婚姻、自评经济水平、患慢性病种数、生病时被照顾情况及躯体生活自理能力(physical self-maintenance scale,PSMS)与独居老年人的焦虑有关。结论独居者焦虑检出率较高,并与婚姻、慢性病、PSMS等多种因素有关,应针对以上相关影响因素采取积极有效的措施,以提高老年人的身心健康水平。

Objective To explore the level and the associated factors of anxiety among the elderly living alone in one rural area of Anhui province, and providing evidence for improving the level of physical and psychological health of the elderly living alone. Methods The residents aged 60 years or over and lived one year or more in rural areas were selected as participants, with cluster sampling in Anhui province. The statistical software SPSS （version 16. 0） was used for data a- nalysis. Results Among 695 elderly living alone, there were 153 （22. 0% ） people with anxiety, slight, moderate and se- vere attack were 123（ 17. 7% ）, 29（4. 2% ）, I （0. 1% ） respectively. Binary Logistic regression analysis showed that mari- tal status, self-rating economic status, quantity of chronic disease, being taken care when being sick, and physical self-ma- intenance scale （PSMS） were factors influencing the prevalence of anxiety among the rural elderly living alone. Conclu- sions Among the rural elderly living alone, the prevalence of anxiety was high, marital status, chronic disease, PSMS, etc. were associated with anxiety. Early and effective measures aiming to these identified risk and protective factors should be provided for promoting the physical and psychological health of elderly living alone.