以知信行理论为指导的健康教育在食管癌患者中的应用

The application of health education guided by the theory of knowledge-attitude-belief in patients with esophageal cancer

目的 探讨以知信行理论为指导的健康教育对食管癌患者健康行为及生存质量的影响研究.方法 选择本院98例食管癌患者随机分为两组,各49例,观察组采用以知-信-行理论为指导的健康教育进行干预;对照组给予传统的健康宣教,比较两组患者生存质量的情况.结果 干预后,观察组生活质量评价中全部功能项目得分高于对照组（P＜0.05）;观察组症状项目得分均低于对照组,其中疲劳、恶心呕吐、疼痛、失眠、食欲下降、便秘、经济困难等七项得分比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）,呼吸困难、腹泻等两项比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）.结论 将知信行模式护理健康教育应用于食道癌护理中,提高患者的生活质量,有利于在食道癌护理工作中推广应用.

Objective To investigate the effect of health education guided by the theory of knowledge-attitude-belief （KAB） on the health behavior and the quality of life of patients with esophageal cancer.Methods 98 cases of esophageal cancer were randomly divided into two groups,49 cases in each group.Observation group received health education intervention guided by the theory of KAB,while control group received traditional health education,the quality of life of two groups were compared.Results After intervention,the score of each functional item of life quality evaluation of observation group were significantly higher than those of control group （P〈0.05）;in terms of symptom item score,the score of fatigue,nausea and vomiting,pain,insomnia,loss of appetite,constipation,economic hardship of observation group were significantly lower than those of control group （P〈0.05）,there were no statistically significant differences in the score of dyspnea,diarrhea between two groups （P〉0.05）.Conclusion Nursing health education based on the model of KAB applied in esophageal cancer can improve the life quality of patients,which is helpful to promote the application of esophageal cancer care.