基于小麦全生育期气象条件精细化分析

Fine Analysis of the Whole Growth Stage of Wheat Based on the Meteorological Conditions

[目的]根据小麦生产对气象条件的要求，确定山东省济南市长清区小麦的气候区划指标和相应分区。[方法]利用1971～2010年长清区气象局本站和区域自动站气象资料，采用Kriging插值法、因子标准化、加权综合评价法内插技术对温度、降水、日照、相对湿度等气候指标要素栅格化，形成长清区冬小麦品种生态气候适宜性精细化区划图，并进行分区评述。[结果]长清区小麦生长可以划分为一般适宜区、适宜区、最适宜区3个分区，其中一般适宜区包括平安街道办事处100％、文昌街道办事处100％、崮云湖街道办事处90％、五峰街道办事处30％、马山镇10％、归德镇100％、孝里镇80％、张夏镇10％；适宜区包括孝里镇20％、双泉镇97％、马山镇95％、五峰街道办事处70％、张夏镇80％、万德镇10％；最适宜包括万德镇90％、张夏镇10％。[结论]气象因子适宜适应性整体上对小麦生产有很好的指导作用。

Objective] To determine the climate division index and corresponding division of wheat in Changqing District in Jinan City of Shan-dong Province according to the requirements of wheat production to meteorological condition.[Method] The meteorological data of Meteorological Bureau of Changqing District and the regional automatic weather station from 1971 and 2010, Kriging interpolation method, factor standardiza-tion, and interpolation technique of comprehensive weighted assessment method were used for the rasterization of climate index elements, such as temperature, precipitation, sunshine and relative humidity.Fine zoning map of ecoclimatic suitability of winter wheat variety was formed in Chan-gqing District.And partition was evaluated.[ Result] Wheat growth in Changqing District could be divided into generally suitable area, suitable area, and the optimal area.Among them, generally suitable area included Pingan Street Office 100%, Wenchang Street Office 100%, Guyun Lake Street Office 90%, Wufeng Street Office 30%, Mashan Town 10%, Guide Town 100%, Xiaoli Town 80%, and Zhangxia Town 10%.Suit-able area included Xiaoli Town 20%, Shuangquan Town 97%, Mashan Town 95%, Wufeng Street Office 70%, Zhangxia Town 80%and Wande Town 10%.The optimal area included Wande Town 90% and Zhangxia Town 10%.[ Conclusion] Adaptability of meteorological factors provides good guidance for wheat production.