品管圈健康教育对血液透析患者营养状况的影响

Effect of health education in quality control circle on nutritional status of patients on hemodialysis

目的探讨品管圈健康教育对改善血液透析患者营养状况的应用效果。方法选取山东烟台毓璜顶医院收治的接受血液透析患者90例，按照随机数字法分成研究组45例（品管圈健康教育）、对照组45例（未纳入品管圈），对两组患者干预前后的相关指标进行比较分析。结果研究组健康知识达标率、护理满意度显著高于对照组（P〈0．05），并发症发生率显著少于对照组（P〈0．05）。与对照组相比，进行品管圈健康教育后，研究组患者的总蛋白、白蛋白、红细胞、血红蛋白、总铁结合力、甲状旁腺激素差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05），而肝、肾功能、血脂以及电解质等其他指标无变化（P〉0．05）。结论品管圈健康教育能够显著提高血液透析患者的健康知识水平，提高自护能力，减少并发症的发生，改善血液透析患者的营养状况，健康的饮食和生活规律对血液透析患者的预后有重要意义。

Objective To explore the effect of health education in quality control circle on nutritional status of patients on hemodialysis. Methods Using random numbers, 90 patients receiving hemodialysis in Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital were divided into observation group （health education in quality control circle） and control group （ not included in quality control circle）, with 45 patients in each group. The changes of rele- vant indicators in the two groups were analyzed and compared. Results The rate of adequate health knowledge and degree of satisfaction for nursing services in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group （ both P 〈 O. 05 ）, while the incidence of complications was significantly lower than in the control group （P 〈 O. 05 ）. The levels of total protein, albumin, red blood cells, hemoglobin, total iron-binding capac- ity, and parathyroid hormone had significant differences between the two groups after health education （ all P 〈 O. 05 ）, while liver function, kidney function, blood lipid profile and electrolytes between the two groups showed no significant differences （ all P 〉 O. 05 ）. Conclusions Health education in quality control circle can signifi- cantly increase health knowledge, improve the self-care ability, reduce complications, and improve nutritional status in patients on maintenance hemodialysis. Healthy diet and life plays an important role in improving outcome for patients on hemodialysis.