血液标本临床检验不合格因素及改进策略分析

Analysis on the unqualified factors of clinical examination and the improvement strategy of blood specimen

目的研究血液标本临床检验中的不合格因素和改进方法。方法对3 620例血液标本进行分析,探讨血液标本在临床检验中不合格的原因,同时总结相应的应对策略。结果 3 620例血液检测标本中有180例的血液标本存在一定的质量问题,进而导致检验不合格,其中有65例是样本量过少造成的,48例是由于抗凝不全造成的,21例是凝血造成的,20例是溶血造成的,其中有13例是容器使用不当造成的,8例是送检不够及时造成的,其余5例是由于输液同侧采集造成。结论血液标本临床检验工作中,造成不合格主要原因为受检者准备不够充足、使用容器方法不当、送检不及时、凝血、溶血、抗凝不全、样本少等;在分析原因后,进一步完善相关规章制度,提升工作人员职业素养,帮助患者准备好接受血液采集,防止出现不合格的情况。

Objective To study the unqualified factors of clinical examination and the improvement strategy of blood specimen. Methods Three thousand six hundreds and twenty cases of blood samples were analyzed, the reasons for the failure in clinical test of blood specimen were studied, and the corresponding countermeasures were summarized. Results There were 180 cases of blood specimen that existing some quality problems in 3 620 cases, which leading to the unqualified. Among them, 65 cases caused by the small sample size, 48 cases were due to the anticoagulant, 21 cases caused by coagulation, 20 cases because of hemolysis, including 13 cases caused by improper container using, 8 cases on account of submission not in a timely manner, and the remaining 5 cases caused by infusion of ipsilateral collection. Conclusion In clinical laboratory work of blood specimens, the main reasons that cause unqualified are the subjects are not sufficient, improper container using, submission not in a timely manner, coagulation and hemolysis, anticoagulation, small sample size and so on. After the analysis of the reasons, further improvement of relevant rules and regulations are needed, the staff should enhance the professionalism and help patients to accept the blood collection. It is also need to prevent the incidence of unqualified.