“一带一路”沿线十五个沿海港口城市竞争力比较研究

A Comparative Study on Urban Competitiveness of 15 Coastal Port Cities under the Belt and Road Strategy

以城市竞争力的视角,因子分析的方法审视"一带一路"15个沿海港口城市,可以发现上海、天津、广州、深圳城市竞争力较强,湛江、汕头和海口城市竞争力较弱。以聚类分析法可把这15个沿海港口城市分为一级城市竞争力上海;二级城市竞争力天津、广州、深圳;三级城市竞争力宁波、青岛、烟台、大连、福州、厦门和泉州;四级城市竞争力湛江、汕头、海口、三亚四类。这些沿海港口城市发展水平差异较大,未来发展方向应是统筹各港口城市经济社会的发展,建立"一带一路"港口城市联盟,强化上海、天津、广州、深圳等港口城市带动作用,打造"一带一路"友好城市朋友圈,"以港兴城"、港城融合、提高城市竞争力。

From the perspective of urban competitiveness, this paper focuses on 15 coastal port cities under the Belt and Road Initiative, and makes a research on competitiveness of the coastal port cities by using factor analysis method. The results show that Shanghai, Tianjin, Guangzhou and Shenzhen are more competitive, and that Zhanjiang, Shantou and Haikou are less competitive. Through the cluster analysis method, the 15 coastal port cities are divided into four levels in terms of urban competitiveness： the first level includes Shanghai; the second level includes Tianjin, Guangzhou and Shenzhen; the third level includes Ningbo, Qingdao, Yantai, Dalian, Fuzhou, Xiamen and Quanzhou; the fourth level includes Zhanjiang, Shantou, Haikou and Sanya. Finally, this paper puts forward the countermeasures and suggestions on how to promote urban competitiveness under the background of the Belt and Road Initiative.