肥料类型及施用方式对香稻香气2-乙酰-1-吡咯啉含量的影响

Effect of Fertilizer Types and Fertilization Methods on 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline Content in Aromatic Rice

为了探明肥料类型及施用方式对香稻香气2-乙酰-1-吡咯啉的影响及其生理基础的影响,以大面积推广应用的香稻品种玉香油占为研究材料开展大田试验。试验设置深施肥和常规手撒施肥2种施肥方式处理,施用碳酸氢铵+过磷酸钙+氯化钾处理和复合肥处理2种肥料类型处理,各肥料处理均含有等质量的氮磷钾养分。研究了香稻成熟期籽粒香气2AP的含量,分蘖期、孕穗期、扬花期和成熟期香稻叶片的脯氨酸含量、脯氨酸脱氢酶活性、吡咯啉-5-羧酸合成酶活性、鸟氨酸转氨酶活性和吡咯啉-5-羧酸含量。结果表明,肥料类型、肥料施用方式和两者互作均显著影响香稻籽粒香气2AP含量,其中常规手撒施用碳酸氢铵+过磷酸钙+氯化钾肥料处理利于香稻籽粒积累显著较高的香气2AP含量,达59.86 ng/g;香稻籽粒香气2AP含量和成熟期叶片的吡咯啉-5-羧酸含量呈显著正相关关系(r=0.957 1*)。该研究可为制定香稻浓香施肥技术提供理论参考依据。

In order to explore the impact of fertilizer types and fertilization methods on 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline（ 2AP） content in aromatic rice and its physiological characters,the widely used and popular aromatic rice cultivar,Yuxiangyouzhan was used as material in the field trials. The experiment consisted of two fertilization methods i. e.deep application of fertilizer and manual application of fertilizer,and two fertilizer types i. e. the chemical fertilizer ammonium bicarbonate ＋ calciumsuperphosphate ＋ potassium chloride and the compound fertilizer,the nutrient（ NPK） content in each treatment with equal quality. The 2AP content in mature grain as well as the proline content,proline dehydrogenase activity,pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase activity,ornithine aminotransferase activity and pyrroline-5-carboxylate acid content in leaves at tillering stage,booting stage,flowering stage and maturity were measured. The results showed that fertilizer types,fertilization methods and their interaction significantly affected the2 AP content in mature grains. The manual application of ammonium bicarbonate ＋ calciumsuperphosphate ＋ potassium chloride had the highest 2AP content in mature grains（ 59. 86 ng/g）. And the 2AP content in mature grains was in positive correlation with pyrroline-5-carboxylate acid content in leaves at maturity significantly（ r = 0. 957 1＊）. Theresults provide theoretical reference for the development of scented rice fertilization technology.