基于功能离子液体促进的有机反应研究进展

Application of Task-Specific Ionic liquids to Organic Synthesis

离子液体作为绿色溶剂和催化剂,具有低挥发性,优良的热稳定性、溶解性以及可回收等优点,近年来广泛应用于有机合成领域中,在提高反应速率,反应选择性等方面发挥了巨大作用.综述了离子液体作为催化剂或溶剂在传统有机合成反应中的最新研究成果,包括Baylis-Hillman反应、Michael加成反应、氧化还原反应、Knoevenagel缩合反应、Aldol缩合反应、Diels-Alder反应、Heck偶联反应、Suzuki反应、不对称反应、Biginelli反应、Mannich反应、Hantzsch多组分反应.分析离子液体结构对反应催化性能的影响,探讨其反应机理,为开发新型结构可调性功能离子液体打下基础.

Ionic liquids （ILs） have been widely used as green reaction solvents and/or catalysts in organic synthesis due to their advantages, including low volatility, good thermal stability, good solubility and recyclability. ILs have played a significant role in accelerating reaction rate and selectivity. The recent advances in the application of ILs as catalysts or solvents are summarized in this review, such as in Baylis-Hillman reaction, Michael addition, oxidation and reduction reaction, Knoevenagel condensation, aldol reaction, Diels-Alder reaction, Heck coupling reaction, Suzuki reaction, asymmetric reaction, Biginelli reaction, Mannich reaction and Hantzsch reaction. Relationship between structure and catalytic efficiency of ILs as well as plausible mechanism has been discussed, which is beneficial to develop the novel task-specific ionic liquids with diverse functionalities.