雾化吸入高渗盐水治疗小儿毛细支气管炎的临床观察

Clinical observation of the efficacy of hypertonic saline aerosol inhalation in treating infant bronchiolitis

目的对比3%高渗盐水雾化吸入及异丙托溴铵联合布地奈德、沙丁胺醇雾化吸入治疗小儿毛细支气管炎的临床疗效。方法 120例毛细支气管炎患儿,随机分为对照组及治疗组,两组均给予对症综合治疗,治疗组应用3%高渗盐水雾化吸入治疗,对照组应用异丙托溴铵、布地奈德及沙丁胺醇联合雾化吸入治疗。观察比较两组患儿用药后临床症状缓解、肺部体征消失时间、住院天数、住院花费以及临床疗效。结果治疗后两组患儿临床症状及体征均有不同程度改善;治疗组在咳嗽、喘息、呼吸困难缓解时间方面短于对照组,差异均无统计学意义（t值分别为-1.263、-0.294、-0.605,均P〉0.05）,在肺部哮鸣音消失时间以及住院天数、住院花费也短于对照组,差异均具有统计学意义（t值分别为-4.368、-2.77、-4.913,均P〈0.05）,两组的治疗有效率无明显差异（χ~2=0.319,P〉0.05）。结论 3%高渗盐水雾化吸入治疗小儿毛细支气管炎可明显改善临床症状,并能缩短住院日,减少住院治疗总费用。

Objective To compare the therapeutic efficacy of 3% hypertonic saline to that of ipratropium bromide combining salbutamol and budesonide inhalation in treating infant bronchiolitis. Methods A total of 120 infants with bronchiolitis were randomly divided into control group and treatment group. Both two groups were treated with comprehensive treatment and antiviral therapy. The treatment group was treated with 3% hypertonic saline aerosol inhalation, and the control group was treated with ipratropium bromide combining salbutamol and budesonide inhalation. The clinical symptom relief time, the pulmonary sign vanishing time, the hospital duration and clinical efficacy of two groups were evaluated after medication. Results After the treatment, the clinical symptoms and signs of two groups were improved to different degrees. In the treatment group, cough, asthma and dyspnea relief time were shorter than those in the control group with no significant differences （t value was - 1. 263, - 0.294 and - 0. 605, respectively, all P 〉 0.05 ）, and pulmonary signs vanishing time, hospital duration and medical expenses were less than those in the control group with significant differences （ t value was - 4. 368, - 2.77 and -4. 913, respectively, all P 〈 0.05 ）. The clinical therapeutic efficacy was not significantly different （X2 = 0. 319, P 〉 0.05 ）. Conclusion Treating infant bronchiolitis with 3% hypertonic saline aerosol inhalation can significantly improve clinical symptoms, shorten hosnital stay and reduce total cost of hosnitatization.