细胞自噬的调控与自噬程序性死亡的研究进展

The regulation of autophagy and autophagic programmed cell death

自噬（autophagy）是一种溶酶体依赖性降解途径,涉及细胞内长寿蛋白和受损伤细胞器的降解,其既是细胞保守的自我防御机制,又是一种程序性细胞死亡机制（PCD）,与机体的多种疾病有密切关系.自噬具有独特的形态改变和特有的调控通路,自噬的调控涉及到多种机制、如翻译后修饰等.凋亡是研究最清楚的程序性细胞死亡机制,凋亡与细胞自噬程序性死亡之间存在着复杂的关系.对哺乳动物细胞自噬的分子调控机制,自噬程序性细胞死亡过程及其与凋亡的关系等方面进行探讨很有意义.

Autophagy is a lysosomal-dependent degradation pathway and involved in the degradation of long-lived protein and damaged organelles in cells.It is not only a conservative self-defense mechanism for cells,but also a mechanism of programmed cell death （PCD）.Autophagy is closely related to a variety of diseases.It has a unique morphology change and specific regulatory pathway.Autophagy regulation involves a variety of mechanisms,such as post-translational modification.Apoptosis is a well-understoed mechanism of programmed cell death.There is a complicated relationship between apoptosis and autophagy.It is important to discuss the molecular mechanism of autophagy of mammalian cells,and its relationship with apoptosis.