加拿大一枝黄花天敌——白条银纹夜蛾的寄主专性研究

The Host Specificity of a Nature Enemy Argyrogramma albostriata against Solidago canadensis

实验室条件下,以白条银纹夜蛾(Argyrogramma albostriata)二代4龄幼虫为实验对象,选择52科104种植物对其进行寄主专性测定,观察幼虫的取食选择和存活时间。结果显示,该虫幼虫仅取食小飞蓬、钻叶紫菀、马兰、一年蓬和加拿大一枝黄花5种植物的叶片,其他植物叶片均无咬痕,直至饥饿死亡。分别用以上5种植物的新鲜叶片饲喂白条银纹夜蛾幼虫,观察其生活史,得到以下几点结论。1)饲喂小飞蓬、钻叶紫菀、马兰和加拿大一枝黄花的昆虫幼虫期存活率较高,大量死亡发生在成虫期;饲喂一年蓬的幼虫在幼虫期存活率较低,仅极少量能存活到成虫期。2)饲喂不同植物对该虫幼虫各龄期长度影响不同。3)饲喂小飞蓬、钻叶紫菀、马兰和加拿大一枝黄花的昆虫化蛹率、羽化率、平均寿命和蛹重均显著高于取食一年蓬的幼虫。由此得出,白条银纹夜蛾为寡食性昆虫,其食料植物多为菊科外来杂草,可在小飞蓬、钻叶紫菀、马兰和加拿大一枝黄花上正常完成生活史,饲喂一年蓬抑制该虫生长。

The second generation larva ofArgyrogramma albostriata of4th instar, which were fed in the lab with Solidago canadensis under the condition of room temperature and natural light, were used as material for the experiment of host specify. 104 plant species from 52 families were used in testing host specify and the herbivory of leaves of different plants and survival time were observed. The results show that leaves of Conyza canadensis, Aster subulatus, Kalimeris indica, Erigeron annuus and S. canadensis were eaten by A. albostriata after 24 hours, while other plants were not eaten until the larva were starve to death. Then the life history of A. albostriata fed on C. canadensis, A. subulatus, K. indica, E. annuus and S. canadensis were observed and the main indexes of life history were recorded. The main results are as follows. 1） Survival rates ofA. albostriata fed on C. canadensis, A. subulatus, K. indica, and S. canadensis are higher than larva fed on E. annuus significantly. 2） Fed on different plants have different influence on the length of different instars of A. albostriata. 3） Pupation rate, emergence rate, longevity and pupation weight of A. albostriata fed on C. canadensis, A. subulatus, K. indica, and S. canadensis are higher than that fed on E. annuus. The results indicate that A. albostriata is oligophagous, only eat C. canadensis, A. subulatus, K. isindiea, E. annuus and S. canadensis. A. albostriata can complete its life history on C. canadensis, A. subulatus, K. indica, and S. Canadensis. However, the growth of lava of A. albostriata is constrained when fed on E. annuus.