滇南地方社会、彝族祖先记忆与文化认同——基于地方志和彝汉文碑记的考察

Local Society of Yunnan,Memory of Yi's Ancestors and Cultural Identity——On the Local Records and Inscriptions on the Yi's Chinese Languages

藏缅语族、壮侗语族族群先民曾是历史上滇南的人群分布主体。元代以降,滇南地区正式纳入中央王朝的统辖,儒学随之兴起。地方志显示,明清两代,滇南儒家文化一度繁盛,对彝族传统文化的涵化影响较为显著。清乾隆年间,彝族尼苏人当中的一支,在族群精英的操持下,由普姓"恢复"为孔姓。《族谱明辨纪略》、《孔卓墓志铭》、《则旧孔氏汉彝文碑记》等彝汉文碑记成为孔姓彝族人建构孔子祖先记忆的重要资源。通过分析以上碑记资料,描述该族群对主流文化的认同感和维系彝族族群认同的努力。孔姓彝族人的个案是滇南地方社会文化多样性的真实反映。

Ancestors of Tibetan-Burmese and Zhuang-Dong Family ethnic groups were the subject of southern Yunnan ethnic groups in history. South area of Yunnan formally incorporated into the central dynasty governance along with the rise of Confucianism since Yuan Dynasty. Chorography shows that the Confucian culture flourished and occurred significantly acculturation on the traditional culture of the Yi people during Ming and Qing dynasties. Under operation of ethnic elite, branch of the Yi（Nip su pho） reverted surname form Pu to Kong in Qianlong Period of Qing Dynasty.＂Record of Genealogy Discernment＂, ＂Kong Zhuo Epitaph＂, and ＂Yi-Chinese Character Inscription of Kong in Zejiu＂have become an important resource of Kong Yi for construction of Confucius ancestral memories. Through the analysis of the above inscription data, this paper describes the ethnic groups＇ endeavor not only to express the identity of the mainstream culture, but also to maintain the ethnic identity of Yi people. The case of Kong Yi is a true reflection of cultural diversity in southern Yunnan local social.