“NP来”与“来NP”的区别特征和语法特征——兼论“NP_1来NP_2”句式

The Distinguishing and Grammatical Features of “NP Lai” and “Lai NP”——Also Discussed “NP_1 Lai NP_2” Sentence Pattern

从语法形式上看,"来NP"是由"NP来"易位形成。但"NP_1"和"NP_2"具有明显区别。区别特征主要体现在语用指向、语言成分、话语交际、动作属性等方面。"来1"和"来2"的语法特征区别主要包括词义类型、虚词搭配、强调焦点、动作时态、语境义等方面。"来"的语义类型可以分为五类:位移义、存现义、互指义、领属义、焦点标记。"NP_1来NP_2"句式据此可以划分为三种类型。

From the grammatical form, ＂Lai NP＂ is the translocation formation ＂NP Lai＂. But they have obvious difference. It mainly reflected on the pragmatic features of orientation, language elements, language communication, action attributes. The grammatical features of ＂Lail ＂ and ＂Lai2＂ includes the types of meaning, words Collocation, the focus of emphasizing, action tense, context and so on. The semantic type can be divided into five categories： displacement, existential meaning, mutual meaning, possessive meaning, focus mark. ＂NP1 Lai NP2＂ sentence which can be divided into three types.