芽孢杆菌与酵母复合物对高山辣椒生长发育及土壤理化性状的影响

Effect of Bacillus and Yeast Complex on the Alpine Pepper Growth and Soil Physicochemical Properties

[目的]研究芽孢杆菌与酵母复合物对高山辣椒生长发育及土壤理化性状的影响,为生物菌剂克服高山蔬菜连作障碍提供科学依据。[方法]通过田间试验,研究不同浓度芽孢杆菌与酵母复合物(Bacillus and Yeast Complex,BYC)对高山地区栽培辣椒丰椒4号生长发育及土壤理化性状的影响。[结果]土壤中BYC施用量越大,施用效果越佳。BYC施用量为15~45 kg/hm^2时,辣椒的株高、茎粗和产量与对照(不施用BYC)相比显著增加。用BYC处理土壤,不仅能够显著降低土壤容重,提高土壤孔隙度,而且还能够改善土壤化学性状。其中,采用45 kg/hm^2BYC处理土壤效果最佳,土壤的pH、有机质、碱解氮、有效磷和有效钾含量分别比对照增加4.1%、12.3%、16.4%、14.2%和13.2%,且差异显著(P<0.05)。[结论]田间施用BYC能够明显促进高山辣椒的生长发育,改善土壤理化性状,是克服高山蔬菜连作障碍的有效措施。

[Objective] The aim was to study effects of bacillus and yeast complex on the alpine pepper growth and soil physicochemical proper-ties, to provide scientific basis for biological agent which could overcome the obstacles of continuous cropping of alpine vegetables.[ Method] Effect of bacillus and yeast complex, BYC with different concentrations on the growth of alpine pepper Feng Jiao 4 and soil physicochemical prop-erties were studied by field experiments.[Result] Better application results could be got with more fertilizer of BYC.At the amount of BYC 15-45 kg/hm2, the plant height, stem diameter and yield of pepper was significantly increased compared with the control （without BYC）.Soil bulk density, porosity and chemical properties could be also vastly improved after treating with BYC.Among all the treatments, 45 kg/hm2 of BYC was the best one.Compared with the control, the pH value of soil, organic matter, available nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium content treated with 45 kg/hm2 of BYC could be significantly increased by 4.1%, 12.3%, 16.4%, 14.2% and 13.2% with signifi-cant difference （P〈0.05）.[Conclusion] The growth of alpine pepper and the soil physicochemical properties could be obviously promoted with the application of BYC.So, it is an effective measure to overcome the obstacles of continuous cropping of alpine vegetables.