我国秋季台风与相邻气团相互作用的天气气候特征分析

Interaction between Typhoon and Its Contiguous Air Mass in China in Autumn

利用中国气象局1949—2007年台风年鉴、我国大陆和海上相关气象测站资料,以及密集性和连续性程度较高的民用机场气象资料,通过气候统计方法和重点个例分析,从气候学和天气学2个方面对我国秋季台风及其与相邻气团相互作用的天气气候特征进行了分析。结果表明,受到季节进程影响,我国的秋季台风中强台风和超强台风的发生频次较多,但登陆频次较少,且台风越强,其登陆概率越低,在近海发生转向的可能性也越大;除了登陆频次的变化,秋季台风登陆点的位置也随时间有明显的变化,其登陆纬度随着时间推移逐渐南移,而未登陆台风的转向点随时间变化也逐渐南移。不同强度的台风在靠近我国东南沿海时对大陆气团的影响有显著不同,大陆气团、海上气团与台风自身环流的相互作用最终影响到台风的移动方向。

By using typhoon data of China Meterological Administration during 1949-2007, data of China＇s continental and marine meteoro-logical stations, meteorological data of civil airports with high density and continuity, through climate statistical method and key cases analysis, interaction between typhoon and its contiguous air mass in China coastal areas in autumn was analyzed from aspects of climatic and synoptic. The results showed that the occurrence frequency of strong typhoon and super strong typhoon is more in autumn in China, but the frequency is less, and the stronger the typhoon, the lower the probability of landing, the greater the possibility of turning offshore; in addition to the fre-quency of landing, typhoon landing sites in autumn also has a significant change with time, landing latitude gradually southward as well as the turning point of no landing typhoon.The influence of typhoon close to coastal areas to continental air mass depends on its intensity;the interac-tion among typhoon, continental air mass and marine air mass decides the typhoon’ s track.