神定河支流水质时空变化特征

Temporal and Spatial Variation of Water Quality in Tributary of the Shending River

鉴于支流水质情况对河流的整体水质有着重要影响,根据神定河两条支流5个监测断面2014~2015年的水质监测数据,采用综合污染指数法（CPI）和聚类分析法研究了神定河支流水质的时空变化特征。结果表明,神定河各支流冬季的污染情况较重,春季、夏季和秋季污染情况相对较轻;百二河枯水期综合污染指数较高,显示出点源排放污染作用的影响;张湾河枯水期和平水期的综合污染指数基本持平,并显著高于丰水期,表明其主要受点源排放污染和稀释作用的影响。空间变化方面,SPSS空间聚类分析将支流水质分为轻污染区、中度污染区和重度污染区,支流水质从上游到下游不断变差,汇入干流后最终导致神定河的污染负荷不断增加。

Tributary water quality has important influence on water quality of the whole river.According to the monitoring data of 5 monitoring sections over two tributaries of the Shending River,comprehensive pollution index method（CPI）and cluster analysis method were used to investigate the spatial-temporal variation characteristics of water quality of the Shending River tributaries.The results show that the tributary pollution got heavier in winter and lighter in the rest seasons.The CPI of Baier River was higher in dry season,implying the effect of point source pollution;comprehensive pollution index in dry season and mean flow season of Zhangwan River was basically the same,while significantly higher than the wet period,indicating that point source emission and the dilution effect was the main influencing factors.According to the spatial variation and SPSS spatial clustering analysis,tributary water quality was divided into the light-pollution,moderate-pollution and severe pollution segment,water quality of the tributaries from upstream to downstream continuous went worse,confluence with the main river and constantly increased the pollution load of Shending River.