牛初乳与牛常乳中乳脂肪球膜蛋白质的组成及功能的对比研究

Comparative Analysis of Composition and Functionality of Milk Fat Globule Membrane Proteins in Bovine Colostrum and Milk

利用十二烷基硫酸钠一聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electropheresis,SDSPAGE)将牛初乳与牛常乳中乳脂肪球膜蛋白质的组成部分进行分离鉴定,发现牛初乳与牛常乳中乳脂肪球膜蛋白质的组成存在较大的差异,且在牛初乳中鉴定出628种乳脂肪球膜蛋白质,牛常乳中鉴定出487种乳脂肪球膜蛋白质。由基因本体(gene ontology,GO)功能注释分析发现,在生物过程中生物调控作用是牛初乳和牛常乳中乳脂肪球膜的主要生物过程。在分子功能上,牛初乳的乳脂肪球膜蛋白质的绑定作用大于牛常乳。在细胞组成上,牛初乳乳脂肪球膜蛋白质参与细胞外区域远远大于牛常乳。通过京都基因与基因组百科全书系统(Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes,KEGG)代谢通路分析可知,牛初乳和牛常乳乳脂肪球膜蛋白质参与的代谢途径不同,表明牛初乳在日后的生产加工中更具有利用价值。

SDS-PAGE was used for separating the protein components of milk fat globule membranes（MFGMs） from bovine colostrum and milk,and it was found that the compositions of milk fat globule membrane proteins in colostrum and mature milk were different.A total of 628 MFGMs were identified in bovine colostrum and 487 MFGMs in mature milk.Gene ontology（GO） annotation showed that the main role milk fat globule membranes from bovine colostrum and milk played in biological processes was biological regulation.With respect to molecular function,bovine colostrum fat globule membrane proteins had greater binding capacity than mature milk fat globule membrane proteins,and the former was found to exist much more abundantly in extracellular areas than the latter.Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes（KEGG）pathway analysis demonstrated that both membrane proteins participated in different metabolic pathways,implicating that bovine colostrum can be further processed into high-quality products.