基于应变波形的船舶推进轴系负荷测量方法研究

Research on the Measurement of Ship Propulsion Shafting Load Based on Strain Wave Method

应变片法是船舶推进轴系负荷测量的常用方法。传统的应变片法由于测量时需要停车记录数据,测量过程较为繁琐,且测量点数有限,误差较大。改进应变片测量方法,首先利用应变仪采集完整的应变波形,无需中途停车。然后通过分析轴低速转动时的应变波形,滤除相关误差点,推导出轴系截面最大应变值,得到轴截面弯矩,最终结合力和弯矩的平衡方程,求出各轴承负荷分配情况。经过实船数据采集计算,证明了该测量方法的可行性。

The resistance strain gauge method is widely applied in load measurement of marine propulsion shafting. However, traditional resistance strain gauge method is complicated to measure the data which can only be collected when shafting rotation is stopped. Besides, the number of measuring point is very limited which is likely to cause a big error. In this paper, an improved resistance strain gauge method was proposed which can avoid the stopping of shafting rotation during the measurement. The strain wave of shaft in low rotation speed was analyzed after the complete strain wave had been collected by strain indicator so that the error points could he filtered out and the maximum strain and the bending moment of shaft cross section and could be deduced. Finally, the bearing load distrihution was calculated with the balance equations of force and moment. The feasibility of the measurement method was verified by the collection and calculation of subsistent vessel data.