中药有效成分对血脑屏障的影响研究概况

Research progress in effects of TCM effective components against the blood-brain barrier

目的:探讨近年来中药有效成分对血脑屏障(BBB)影响的研究现状与存在问题,为中药有效成分治疗脑部疾病的研究提供借鉴。方法:借助CNKI、Pub Med数据库资源,以血脑屏障为关键词,收索近5年来,发表的中药成分对BBB的影响文章,并按照植物二次代谢产物分成生物碱类、黄酮类、香豆素、木脂素类、萜类与挥发油及其他类,在此基础上,分析概括目前的研究现状与存在问题。结果:国内外中药成分对BBB作用机制的研究,主要集中在基质金属蛋白、紧密连接蛋白、水通道蛋白、血管内皮生长因子等蛋白领域,通过直接透过BBB或者改善BBB通透性,进而发挥治疗作用。结论:中药有效成分对BBB的后续研究,应进一步加强双向调节、多维调控的作用机制研究;开展透过BBB的转运机制研究;开展透过BBB新的给药途径和新型释药系统的研究;挖掘中医古籍,开展中药之间协同作用于BBB的研究,实现中药的脑靶向优势。

Objective： To provide a reference for chemical composition of Chinese materia medica treating brain diseases by exploring the research progress and existing problems in effects of TCM effective components against the blood-brain barrier. Methods： Retrieving the literatures about the effects of TCM effective components against the blood-brain barrier form CNKI and Pub Med database in recent five years when the blood-brain barrier was set up as the keys word. These components were classified according to the plant secondary metabolites into the alkaloids, flavonoids, coumarin, lignin, terpenes, naphtha and other types. Results： The mechanism underlying effects of TCM effective components against the blood-brain barrier may be mainly related to the direct effect on the BBB or BBB permeability. The mechanism underlying effects of TCM effective components against the blood-brain barrier was mainly related to the metal matrix protein, tight junction protein, water channel protein and vascular endothelial growth factor. Conclusion： The mechanism underlying effects of TCM effective components against the bloodbrain barrier should be further explored form the following points： the two-way adjustment and multi-dimensional regulation, BBB transport mechanism research, new drug delivery route and release system in BBB, the synergistic effects between Chinese medicine components, in order to develop the brain targeting advantages of Chinese medicine.