全膜双垄沟旋耕起垄覆膜机改进设计与试验

Improved design and test of rotary-tillage ridging laminating machine for whole film double furrow

针对全膜双垄沟翻地次数过多、农药和化肥浪费严重、田间玉米茬影响覆膜等问题,改进一种翻地、起垄、施肥、喷药和覆膜的联合作业机。作业流程为:对垄面进行开沟,将玉米茬埋掉,同时施肥至沟底并实施旋耕,喷药并覆膜。田间试验结果表明:垄面光滑,无机械破膜现象;小垄、大垄和膜上覆土尺寸的平均值均达到要求,大垄的宽度和高度的变异系数分别为1.2%和0.8%,小垄宽度、高度的变异系数分别为2.5%和0.8%,覆土的厚度、宽度的变异系数分别为2.0%和2.0%,沟底宽度变异系数1.2%。

In order to solve the problems like too much plowing times,serious wasting of pesticide and fertilizer,mulching difficulties caused by corn stubble in the double furrow,an operation machine combining plowing,ridging,fertilization,spraying and mulching was improved.The operating process was as follows：ditching on the surface of ridge,buried the corn stubble,fertilizing to the bottom of furrow and rotary tilling at the same time,and then spraying and mulching.Results of field test showed that the surface of ridge is smooth without mechanical film breaking;the average size of small ridge,big ridge and covering soil upon film all satisfy the requirements;the variation coefficient of big ridges＇width and height are 1.2% and 0.8% respectively;the variation coefficient of small ridges＇width and height are 2.5% and 0.8% respectively;the variation coefficient of covering soils＇thickness and width are2.0% and 2.0% respectively;the variation coefficient of ditch width is 1.2%.