深松铲入土角对土壤硬度变化影响的试验研究

Experiment research on influence of rake angle on soil hardness variation under sub-soiling

入土角是深松铲的关键参数之一,其对深松铲的作业性能产生重要影响。本文在模拟大田土壤环境的基础上,以箭形深松铲为对象,研究不同入土角对土壤硬度变化的影响。试验结果表明：（1）在垄形中心线位置,浅层（0～250mm）土壤的硬度变化受入土角影响较小,犁底层下部（250～300mm）土壤的硬度减小程度随入土角增大而提高;（2）入土角对土壤硬度变化及其分布状态产生重要影响,当入土角为23°时,土壤硬度变化系数大于入土角为18°与28°,深松铲对土壤的疏松效果最佳;（3）采用surf函数及cubic插值算法对土壤硬度分布进行可视化,扰动区域土壤的疏松效果及硬度变化趋势与试验结果一致。本研究可以为优化深松铲结构参数、提高深松耕作质量提供决策依据。

Rake angle is a key parameter of subsoiler and produces an important impact on working performance of subsoiler.The influence of rake angle on soil hardness variation was studied with arrow shaped subsoiler,based on experiment which was conducted in the soil-bin within the simulated farmland environment.The results showed that：（1）In the center line of ridge,rake angle had little effect on the soil hardness variation in the topsoil（0~250mm）,but the decrease trend of soil hardness variation in the plow pan（250~300mm）enhanced with the increasing rake angle;（2）Rake angle played an significant role in the soil hardness variation and relevant distribution.Soil hardness variation index at the rake angle of 23°was bigger than that at the rake angle of 18°and 28°,and the best loosening effectiveness of subsoiler was achieved at the rake angle of 23°;（3）Surffunction and cubicinterpolation algorithm was used to make the soil hardness distribution visualized,and the soil loosening effectiveness and soil hardness variation trend in disturbance domain agreed with experimental results.Basis for making decision of optimizing structure parameters and improving sub-soiling quality was provided.