中国城市行政等级与资源配置效率

Administrative Hierarchy and Resource Allocation Efficiency of Chinese City

利用全国地级及以上城市数据,运用DEA方法,从城市效率和规模收益的角度,研究了中国等级化的城市行政管理体制对城市资源配置效率的影响。结果表明:1等级化的城市行政管理体制使我国各个行政等级的城市拥有不同的获取资源分配的权限;2高行政等级城市获得资源的能力更强,不仅造成城市发展非公平的竞争环境,且导致高行政等级城市要素投入相对过多,对资源配置效率产生负面影响;3由于中西部地区受到这种体制的影响更大,导致城市效率低于东部地区。因此,为进一步推进我国城镇化协调发展,提高城市资源配置效率,需改革传统的等级化的城市行政管理体制,减少利用行政手段干预城市资源配置,充分利用市场机制,为城市发展创造公平的竞争环境。

In the view of urban efficiency and scale benefits, this paper studies the influence of the hierarchical administrative system in Chinese cities on the urban resource allocation efficiency by using DEA method. The hierarchical administrative system of our country makes the administrative levels of the cities have different access to resource distribution. High administrative level cities have stronger ability to obtain resources, not only causing an unfair competitive environment for the urban development and leading to relatively excessive input, but also have a negative impact on the efficiency of resource allocation. Furthermore, because the central and western regions are influenced more by this system, their urban efficiency is lower than that of the eastern region. Therefore, in order to further promote the coordinated development of urbanization in our country and improve the efficiency of urban resource allocation, the traditional urban hierarchical administrative system needs to be reformed, the administrative intervention needs to be reduced, market mechanism should be made full use of, and a fair competitive environment for urban development should be created.