生态敏感区农户多维贫困测度及影响因素分析——以河南省淅川县3个村为例

Multidimensional Poverty Measurement and Influencing Factor Analysis at the Households Scale of the Ecological Sensitive Area:A Case Study on Three Villages of Xichuan County in Henan Province

通过借鉴MPI方法,使用河南省淅川县146户被调查农户的教育、健康、生活水平3个维度的7个指标数据对农户多维贫困进行测量。样本中,农户多维贫困特征明显,有较大比例的农户处于收入维度之外的多维贫困状态,房屋结构、家庭收入主要来源、医疗支出为家庭主要的致贫因素。此外,从个体、家庭、村庄等方面对农户处于多维贫困状态的影响因子进行分析,结果显示,户主年龄、户主受教育程度、家庭学生数量、外出务工劳动力数量、村庄水利设施状况、村庄到县城的距离6个影响因子均对农户处于多维贫困状况具有显著影响。最后,针对被调查农户多维贫困程度,扶贫措施应将家户健康、教育维度的因素考虑在内,实施精准扶贫,精准脱贫,逐步提高农户生活水平。

By using the MPI method, this article measures the multidimensional poverty at the households scale through146 surveyed households of three villages in Xichuan county of Henan province. The data include seven indices of three dimensions, such as the education, health and living standard. Among the surveyed households, its multidimensional poverty characteristic is obvious, and there are a large proportion of the households in the multidimensional poverty state apart from the income dimension. And the housing structure, main source of family income and the medical expenditure are the main poverty causes of the family. In addition, the paper analysis the impact factors of the households＇ multidimensional poverty from the individual, family and villages these three aspects. And the results showed that, the age of the householder, the level of education, the number of students, the number of migrant labor force in the family,the status of the water conservancy facilities in the village, the distance from the village to the town this six influencing factors have significant impact on the households which are in the multidimensional poverty status. Finally, as for the households multidimensional poverty in this three village, the implementation of poverty alleviation measures should be take health and education of the households into consideration, and take targeted measures in poverty alleviation and get rid of poverty, then improve the living standards of the farmers gradually.