参与式与讲授式在企业职工职业卫生培训中的效果比较

Comparative Analysis on the Effects of Participatory and Lecture Type Occupational Health Training

目的比较参与式与传统讲授培训方法在职业卫生培训中的效果,分析职业卫生参与式培训效果的影响因素,为开展职业卫生参与式培训提供参考。方法对不同类型企业中的436名劳动者职业卫生知识掌握情况进行调查后分组,分别采用讲授式和参与式职业卫生培训,培训后1个月、3个月进行调查,比较培训效果,探讨影响因素。结果培训前两种培训方法劳动者的总分差异无统计学意义(P=0.29);培训后1个月、3个月参与式培训效果均优于讲授培训(均有P<0.01)。培训前两种方法劳动者的知信行3方面得分差异均无统计学意义(P分别为0.57、0.41和0.62);培训后3个月,两种培训方法劳动者的信念得分差异无统计学意义(P=0.082),两种培训方法劳动者的知信行3方面其余时间点比较均显示参与式培训效果优于讲授式培训(P值均<0.05)。结论职业卫生参与式培训效果优于讲授式培训,参与式培训能显著提高职业卫生培训效果。

Objective To compare the effects of participatory training method and traditional lecture type training in occupational health training,and analyze influencing factors of occupational health participatory training,to provide reference for the occupational health participatory training. Methods We implemented lecture style and participatory training in the 436 workers of different types of enterprises respectively,investigated effects after 1 and 3 months,compared the training effects and explored the influencing factors. Results There was no statistical significance in the total score of between workers of two training methods before training（ P =0. 29）; participatory training effect was better than lecture type training after training 1 and 3 months（ both P〈0. 01）. The differences of laborers KAP scores between those two methods before training were not statistically significant（ P = 0. 57,0. 41,0. 62）; there were no significant differences between the two methods of belief scores of workers after 3 training months（ P = 0. 082）,participatory training effect was better than that of lecture style training in the other KAP scores of workers of two training methods of the rest time points（ all P〈0. 05）. Conclusion Occupational health participatory training is better than lecture type training teaching training,participatory training can significantly improve the occupation health training effect.