蚌埠市4～6岁儿童饮食行为现状及家庭影响因素分析

Survey on diet behavior and influencing factors analysis among preschool children aged 4 to 6 years in Bengbu

目的 了解蚌埠市4～6岁儿童的饮食行为现状及其家庭影响因素,为制定营养干预措施提供依据.方法 采用随机分层整群抽样的方法,在蚌埠市东市区、中市区和西市区各选取1所幼儿园,选择其中的4～6岁儿童478人,对其父母进行问卷调查,采用Logistic回归分析饮食的家庭影响因素.结果 所有调查儿童中,有42.92％偏食,45.75％挑食,74.73％吃零食,82.35％喜欢喝含乳饮料.Logistic回归分析显示,母亲文化程度、提示孩子吃某种食物以及强迫孩子吃某种食物与儿童挑食、偏食行为均相关（均有P＜0.05）;母亲文化程度、儿童是否独生子女与儿童吃早餐相关（均有P ＜0.05）.结论 偏食、挑食及是否早餐是学龄前儿童存在的主要饮食行为问题,应提高父母的营养知识和示范意识,以促进儿童养成健康饮食行为.

Objective To study the diet behavior of preschool children analyze family influencing factor and provide evidence for nutritional intervention activities and evaluation.Methods One kindergartens was selected in the west,the central and the east of Bengbu,478 of preschool children were enrolled.The children and their parents were investigated using questionnaire.Logistic analysis was used for influencing factorsanalysis.Results Among these children,42.92% of them were food preference,45.75% of them had choosy food habits,74.73% of them ate snack between meals and 82.35% of them liked dairy drinks.The Logistic regression analysisshowed that mother＇seducational level,their suggestion onchildren eating a certain kind of food and their forcing to children eating a certain kind of food were related with children＇s behaviors of food preference （all P 〈 0.05）.Mother＇s educational level and being only-child or not were related with children＇s habit of breakfast to eat or not （all P 〈 0.05）.Condusions Food preference,eating a certain kind of food and breakfast to eat or not are the three major behavior problems among preschool children.The nutrition knowledge and the demonstration consciousness should be improved in parents to promote healthy diet habits in children.