长沙市成人糖尿病患病知晓率及其影响因素分析

Analysis on diabetes awareness rate and its influencing factors among adults in Changsha City

目的了解长沙市居民对糖尿病患病的知晓情况并探讨其影响因素。方法采用多阶段整群随机抽样方法,在长沙市5个区县对18岁以上常住居民进行流行病学调查。结果长沙市18岁及以上居民糖尿病患病率为10.06%,糖尿病患病知晓率为63.86%;单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析显示年龄、地区、文化程度、高血压、饮酒、锻炼、食盐量、食油量是影响糖尿病患病知晓率的主要因素;年龄越大(P<0.001),文化程度越高(P=0.011),患病知晓率越高;城区患病知晓率(69.27%)高于农村(57.70%)(X^2=28.469,P<0.001);同时患糖尿病和高血压的人群糖尿病患病知晓率(68.14%)高于仅患糖尿病的人群(57.47%)(X^2=23.330,P<0.001)、不饮酒(P<0.001)、开展锻炼(P<0.001)的患病人群中具有更高的患病知晓率。结论长沙市成人糖尿病患病率较高,而糖尿病患病知晓率较低,应大力开展健康教育与促进、加强血糖筛查,提高患病知晓率,预防和延缓并发症发生。

Objective To understand diabetes awareness among residents in Changsha city and to discuss the in- fluencing factors. Methods A multi-stage stratified random sampling method was conducted in residents （ ≥ 18 years old） from five counties or districts. Results The diabetes prevalence rate among residents above 18 years old was 10. 06% , and the rate of diabetes awareness was 63.86%. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the main influencing factors of diabetes awareness were age, district, degree of education, hypertension, drinking, exercise, salt intake and oil intake. The age, the degree of education were positively associated with the diabetes awareness rate （P 〈 0. 001, P = 9. 011,respectively）. The diabetes awareness rate in urban （69.27%） was higher than in rural （57.70%） （Z2 = 28.469, P 〈 0. 001 ）. The people who suffered from both diabetes and hypertension （68. 14% ） had a higher awareness rate than the people who only had diabetes （57.47%） （ %2 = 23. 330, P 〈 0. 001 ）. The diabetes patients who don＇ t drink （ P 〈 0. 001 ） and often do exercises （ P 〈 0. 001 ） had a higher awareness rate. Conclusions The diabetes prevalence rate was high in Changsha adults, but the diabetes awareness rate was low. Health education and blood sugar screening should be strengthened to increase the rate of diabetes awareness, and to prevent and delay the complications.