复制器：促进病毒在感染细胞内复制的一种“细胞器”

Replication Organelles：A Special Organelle to Promote Virus Repli-cation in Infected Cells

某些正链RNA病毒感染细胞之后，重塑了宿主的细胞内膜，使内膜环境发生改变，形成了专门促进病毒复制的细胞器称为复制器。它是由病毒的非结构蛋白招募特定的细胞蛋白在细胞内膜上形成病毒复制复合物，并在复制器的膜表面作为复制结合位点进行病毒的复制、组装等。文章主要从复制器的结构，病毒复制过程中的功能及其作用机制进行讲述，为进一步研究病毒感染机制提供了参考。

After the positive-sense RNA viruses infect cells, they remodel host cytoplasmic membranes and change the membrane environment to allow the formation of special organelles （ named replication organelles） that can promote virus replication. Viral nonstructural proteins spe-cifically recruit cellular proteins to develop the virus replication complexes on cytoplasmic mem-branes. The membrane on the replication organelles acts as the viral replication sites for the replica-tion and assembly of the viruses. In this paper, we review the function and mechanism of replication organelles in the process of virus replication, in an attempt to provide a reference for studies on vi-rus replication.