2014年深圳市登革热疫情流行病学特点分析

Epidemiological characteristics of dengue fever in Shenzhen in 2014

目的掌握2014年深圳市登革热（denguefever，DF）暴发时期的疫情流行特征，为制定DF防控措施提供科学依据。方法收集深圳市疾病预防控制中心2014年度DF疫情相关数据，结合DF病例个案流行病学调查资料及病例临床信息，用描述性流行病学方法分析DF发病时间、地区、人群分布和血清型特征。结果20t4年深圳市共报告454例DE病例和2起DF暴发疫情，其中346例本地感染病例，108例输入性病例，无2代病例和死亡病例。发病人群以20～50岁青壮年人群为主，占病例总数的76．73％；男性患者所占比例为60．13％，略高于女性。疫情暴发时间主要集中于6～12月，其中9～11月病例报告数占总数的97．14％。全市各区均有疫情发生，以宝安区、福田区和南山区报告病例数最多，占总数的60．00％以上。从100份患者血液标本中分离到65株登革病毒（denguevirus，DENV），其中登革Ⅰ型59株，登革Ⅱ型4株，登革Ⅲ型2株，登革IV型1株。2014年疫情暴发前、后共采集监测点正常群体血液样本352份，检出DF特异性抗体IgG阳性11份，整体抗体阳性率为3．13％。结论从2014年DF疫情流行特征来看，疫情暴发呈现时间、地域及年龄特征性，且发病人群的流行病学特征与正常人群血清抗体水平均未体现DF具有地方性特征。

Objective To analyze characteristics and risk factors of dengue fever （DF） in Shenzhen in 2014 and provide evidences for following actions of prevention and control. Methods The relevant data of DF were collected from Shenzhen Center for Disease Prevention and Control in 2014, and the incidence of DF in time and space, population distribution and serotype characteristics were anayzed by the method of descriptive epidemiology, combined with the case of DF epidemiological data and clinical information. Results A total of 454 cases of DF and 2 outbreak cases including 346 local cases were reported as well as 108 external cases in 2014, and there was no the second generation cases or deaths. The incidence in young adults aged 20 ~ 50 accounted for 76.73% of the total; Male＇ s accounted for 60.13%, slightly higher than that in female. The outbreak time was mainly from June to December, and the number of reported cases accounted for 97.14% of the total within September to November. Although there was epidemic situation in each district, the most DF cases are reported in Baoan, Futian and Nanshan, which took up more than 60.00% of the total. Sixty-five strains of dengue viruses （DENV） were isolated from 100 patients blood specimens, including 59 type Ⅰ, 4 type Ⅱ, 2 type Ⅲ and 1 type Ⅳ. In 2014, the center had collected 352 blood samples from the normal group, which found 11 cases specific IgG antibody positive, and the overall positive rate of antibody was 3.13%. Conclusions According to 2014 DF epidemic outbreak characteristics, it is showing time, geographical and age characteristics. And epidemiological characteristics of infectious population and serum antibody level of normal population are not embodied with local characteristics.