日本自民党派阀的生成、维系及变迁

Generation、Maintain、Change of Japanese Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) Faction

战后日本自民党长期执掌政权,派阀是自民党长期政权运营的重要特征。本文从自民党的成立过程追溯派阀的生成,从制度因素、政治风土、利益交换机制剖析派阀的维系,从政治改革考察派阀的变迁。自民党在仓促成立过程中孕育了派阀,总裁公选制度与中选举区制度、传统政治风土、模拟政党功能促进了派阀的增殖与固化,冷战结束后政治改革促使派阀陷入低潮,但其仍将长期存续。

LDP was in power for long time,faction is an important feature of the LDP＇long-term political power.This paper try to analyze generation of the LDP＇ faction from the establishment process、 maintain of the LDP＇ faction from institutional factors、 political culture、 mechanism of exchange interests、change of the LDP＇faction form political reform.The LDP gave birth to faction in Hasty eatablish、 the traditional political culture、 president public electoral system of the LDP and mid electoral district system、simulating party function promoted proliferation and solidification of faction.After end of the Cold War political reform promoted faction at a low ebb, but it will still exist for long time.