红肉桃和白肉桃果实挥发性成分的差异分析

Comparative analysis of volatile compounds in red-and white-fleshed peach

为分析红肉桃的特征香气成分,以2份白肉桃‘白凤’和‘肥城白里10号’为对照,采用顶空固相微萃取方法提取2份红肉桃‘乌黑鸡肉桃’和‘天津水蜜’成熟果实的挥发性成分,并用气相-质谱联用仪进行测定。在4份种质中共鉴定出107种挥发性成分,其中‘乌黑鸡肉桃’最多,‘肥城白里10号’最少。比较红肉桃和白肉桃的挥发性成分,顺式-3-己烯醇乙酸酯和3-己烯醛是2份红肉桃种质特有的大量挥发性成分。除此之外,在微量挥发性成分中,红肉桃特有的挥发性成分还包括壬醛、1-辛醇和乙酸己酯。从2种类型桃不同类别的挥发性成分总量可以看出,红肉桃醛类物质较低,但烷烃和酯的含量却高于白肉桃。红肉桃与白肉桃除了花色素苷含量存在差异外,在挥发性物质的总量和种类上也存在较大差异。

To analyze the characteristics of volatile compounds in red-fleshed peach,headspace solid phase microextraction method was used to extract volatile compounds in ripen fruit of two white-fleshed varieties（‘Hakuho＇and‘Feicheng Bai Li 10#＇）and two red-fleshed varieties（‘Wu Hei Ji Rou Tao＇and ‘Tianjin Shui Mi＇）,and the extracts was then measured by gas-mass spectrometry.A total of 107 volatile compounds were identified from 4varieties,where the most abundant compounds were found in‘Wu Hei Ji Rou Tao＇,and the least in‘Feicheng Bai Li 10#＇.Compared with white-fleshed peach varieties,3-hexen-1-ol,1-acetate,（3Z）-and 3-hexenal were two major elements only in redfleshed peach.In addition,among the micro-volatile compounds,nonyl aldehyde,1-octanol,and hexyl acetate are also unique in red-fleshed peach.Lower aldehydes and higher alkanes and esters were present in red-fleshed peaches than in white-fleshed peach.The study suggested that there were great differences in total volatile compounds content and several characteristic elements between red and white flesh peach except anthocyanin content.