安康市2015年居民主要死亡原因及期望寿命分析

Analysis on the major causes of death and life expectancy of residents in Ankang city in 2015

目的了解安康市居民死因分布,评价安康市居民健康状况,为疾病防控提供科学依据。方法收集安康市2015年死因监测数据,将监测数据导入Excel和SPSS 18.0软件中,建立数据库,通过描述性分析和编制寿命表,分析安康市2015年监测居民主要死亡原因及期望寿命。结果安康市2015年报告死亡个案17 656人,死亡率668.68/10万(标化死亡率706.27/10万),男性死亡率778.94/10万(标化死亡率775.72/10万),女性死亡率545.56/10万(标化死亡率613.01/10万),男性死亡率高于女性,差异有统计学意义(χ2=539.646,P<0.05)。前五位的死亡疾病分别是脑血管病、心脏病、恶性肿瘤、损伤及中毒、呼吸系统疾病,占全部死亡个案的84.62%。居民期望寿命75.27岁,男性期望寿命73.09岁,女性78.02岁。结论慢性非传染性疾病、损伤和中毒成为严重影响安康市居民健康的主要疾病。安康市居民期望寿命略低于全国平均水平,健康水平处于中等国家水平。

Objective To understand the major causes of death of residents in Ankang,and to evaluate their health status. Methods The death surveillance data in Ankang city in 2015 were collected and imported to Excel and SPSS 18.0.The life expectancy and major causes of death were analyzed using descriptive statistical method and the life tables established in the study. Results A total of 17 656 deaths were reported with the mortality of 668.68 per 100 000population（standardized morality rate of 706.27/100 000）,which was higher among men than women（778.94/100 000 vs 545.56/100 000,χ^2=539.646,P〈0.05）.The top five deadly diseases were arecerebrovascular disease,heart disease,malignant tumor,injuries and poisoning and respiratory diseases,which accounted for 84.62% among total reported deaths.Life expectancy in Ankang city in2015 was 75.27 years,73.09 years in male population and 78.02 years in females. Conclusions The chronic non-infectious diseases as well as injuries and poisoning become leading diseases affecting the health of residents in Ankang city.The life expectancy is slightly lower than national average.